The sidetone allows you to hear your code without turning on your radio.
A few common pitfalls and their solutions:
At its heart, the K3NG keyer uses an ATmega328P microcontroller (typically via an Arduino Uno, Nano, or Pro Mini) to look for grounding signals on input pins. When it detects a press, it executes precise timing loops to switch output transistors, generating perfect Morse code. k3ng keyer schematic
He placed the Nano at the center. He soldered the paddle inputs to digital pins D2 and D3, exactly as the schematic dictated. He added the speed potentiometer to the analog pin. He carefully constructed the output stage, using a 2N2222 transistor to key the transmitter, his movements guided by the precise lines of the K3NG diagram.
To unlock the full potential of the K3NG firmware, you can expand the basic schematic by adding modules. Speed Control (Potentiometer) To adjust your Words Per Minute (WPM) on the fly: Connect a . Wire the left pin to Arduino 5V . Wire the right pin to Arduino GND . Wire the center wiper pin to Arduino Analog Pin A0 . Audio Sidetone (Speaker) The sidetone allows you to hear your code
Place 0.01µF or 0.1µF ceramic disc capacitors across the paddle input lines to ground, and across the transistor collector-to-emitter line. This shunts stray RF safely to ground before it reaches the microcontroller.
Using an I2C 16x2 LCD requires only four wires (VCC, GND, SDA, SCL) and provides a visual readout of your speed and settings. He placed the Nano at the center
The power supply section of the schematic can range from a simple USB cable (if you use an Arduino with a built‑in USB port) to a more sophisticated external regulator. For projects that need to run from a 12 V station supply, many schematics include a (e.g., the Mini‑360 module) to produce a clean 5 V for the Arduino and any added logic. Alternatively, you can power the keyer directly from the transceiver’s internal 8‑10 V auxiliary supply.
The cleanest schematic choice. Connect VCC to